PUBLIC POLICY AND EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF LAGOS STATE GOVERNMENT UNDER GOVT. BABAJIDE SANWO OLU)
ABSTRACT
The project aimed at investigating the Public Policy And Educational Development In Nigeria of Government Babajide Sanwo Olu of Lagos State in Nigeria till date. Various literatures were reviewed to examine the evolution of educational policies in Nigeria and the effect of public policy on Nigeria Educational Development. The mission of Babatunde Raji Fashola on Education in Lagos State was also considered. A total of five hundred respondents were used for the study. Simple random sampling technique was used to draw the target population used in the study. Questionnaires were the major instrument used for data collection. The instrument was structured on three likert scale point of Agreed, Disagreed and Undecided which respondents were expected to answer. A non-parametric chi-square statistics method of data analysis was adopted for testing of the formulated research hypotheses. The finding reveal that Governor Raji Fashola has done a tremendous work to improve and develop level of Educational standard in Lagos State.
TABLE OF CONTENT
PAGES
Title Page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Abstract vi
Table of Content vii
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background to the Study 1
Statement of Problems 5
Purpose of the Study 7
Research of Hypotheses 8
Significance of Study 8
Delimitations of the Study 9
Definitions of Terms 10
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Introduction 11
Theoretical Studies of Policy and Educational Policy 11
Educational Policies in Nigeria 22
Evolution of Educational Policy in Nigeria 22
Implications for Educational Planning and Policy 25
Rationals for Educational Policies 26
Effects of Public Policy on Nigeria
Educational Development 27
Objectives of the Component 32
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Introduction 44
Research Design 44
Population of Study 44
Sample and Sampling Technique 45
Research Instrument 45
Validity of the Instrument 46
Reliability of the Instrument 46
Administration of Instrument / Data Collection 46
Data Analysis 46
CHAPTER FOUR
Result and Discussion 48
Testing of Research Hypothesis 48
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary 54
Conclusion 55
Implications of the Study 55
Recommendations 57
Limitation of the Study 58
References 59
Appendix 62
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
This research study examines public policy and its roles on the development of education in Nigeria. Since education does not thrives in isolation, then the need for the study.
Education is a means of societal ends. It is the most important agent of any society. This explains why the National Policy on education (1998) asserts that education in Nigeria is an instrument par excellence for effecting national development. It further stresses its pre-eminence by saying that education shall continue to be highly rated in the national development plans because education is the most important instrument of change; any fundamental change in the intellectual and social outlook of any society has to be preceded by an educational revolution (NPE 1998:8) Education is a life long process from the cradle to the grave (Oshindeyi 2004) Education is a development of character or mental power. Education is meant to provide indigenous skills from the society which will hasten economic development. Education is expected to eliminate the cultural and psychological dependence arising from colonial system of education and the to promote efficiency (Osiyelu 2004).
Oshindeyi (2004) asserted that education can be divided into two main forms, namely formal and informal. Formal education is acquired through organized study of instruction while the informal education arises from the day to day experiences and interaction at home and the immediate environment.
Development of educational policies at all levels in Nigeria is to prevent falling in standard of education even though it is believed that the standard of education has abysmally degenerated in the past 15 – 16 years. Education is an instrument for national development and structural buildings. Education has been viewed as an important catalyst that can enhance development and advancement. This is the reasons countries of the world, both develop and developing handle it with seriousness.
In Nigeria, both the federal, state and even local governments take the provision of education for its citizens as of utmost importance. The reasons for this is the fact that education stimulates development by encouraging and sustaining individual survivals, growth and overall development and efficiency (Titus and Oduale 2009)
The UNESCO (2008) panel report commented that education itself is at the heart of development. It is education that gives societies the strength and sense of purpose they need to address the main problem confronting them today, widening economic disparities among countries. Unfortunately, education to a large extent is a condition and often distorted by some societal, economic obstacles and cultural alienation which it is trying to overcome. To be factual, it takes leadership, national commitment and strong alliance of society around the cause of education for all to actually mobilize the tremendous potential of education for societal progress.
The development of any nation or community depends largely on the quality of education of such a nation. The decisions of government determine the development of education and the level of education determines the development of such country. It is generally believed that the basis of any true development must begin with the development of human resources. Much then is said that formal education remains the vehicle for socio- economic development and social mobilization in any society. Nigeria like any other developing nation has witnessed prolonged, military intervention and aborted civilian administration which necessitated the promulgation of decrees and edict concerning educational practices at various levels of government. The inconsistent continuation of government due to coup d’etat de-emphasized the continuity in the implementation of educational laws and polices since 1970’s till the present time. This gradually laid the foundation of fallen standard in education at the primary and secondary school levels ( Akande, 2005) .
However, against this background, it is sacrosanct to state that Lagos State Administration over the year has with the resource available make education available to the people especially at the primary and secondary school levels. The administration of BABATUNDE RAJI FASHOLA has gone far in bringing the dividend of democracy to the people via educational policies made available. In essence, the researcher will take a look at the educational activities in Lagos State under the leadership of Governor Babatunde Raji Fashola’s administration.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
Developing countries such as Nigeria as well as Western development planners look upon education as one of the most essential instrument for socio- economic development and modernization. Desired changes in literacy level, attitude, values and skill are to be implemented with the weep of education. It is through education that a country perpetuates and spread its own culture. From individuals point of view education is the force of “bringing out” or developing ones individual natural abilities and interests. It is therefore a basic right of every human being.
But to a large extent education in Nigeria has not given all that is expected of it because of corruption, favoritism, nepotism, prejudices, discrimination, bribery and lack of proper record in educational sector. The Babatunde Raji Fashola’s administration of Lagos state has improved the education status by making education available to every Logician. Yet, lack of constitutional and institutional accountability, shortage of qualified personnel, poor salary structure, corrupt educational planner and implementers which have resulted in lack infrastructural facilities in school in Lagos state have refused to bring education to the lime- light. School in Lagos State are in bad shape, dilapidated building, strikes by teacher due to lack of payment of salaries as at when due and other benefit are source of the problems facing Lagos state government.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of the study is to find out how public policies affect the development of education using the contribution of Governor Babatunde Raji Fashola’s administration in the development of education in the state through the various educational intervention that has been put in place .
The purpose of this study is therefore summarized as follow:
- To examine the relevance of educational policy in Lagos state
- To investigate the level of educational development in Lagos state
- To examine the effect of non- payment of teachers salaries as at when due.
- To examine the effect of shortage of teaching resources in Lagos
- To proffer solutions to the above identified problems from the finding
RESEARCH OF HYPOTHESES
To serve as guide into the study, the following research hypotheses were raised:
- There is no significant relationship between corruption and educational development.
- There is no significant difference between public policy and the decision of government.
- There is no significant differences between educational policy and educational development
- There is no significant relationship between fall in standard of education and educational development.
SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The study will help reveal and expose the various lapses inherent in the various educational policy interventions in the state for urgent attention to be taken to remedy it. It will help to highlight the effort of the government in improving the standard of education in Lagos State it will help to assist educational planners and implementers in the state to act fast especially the state ministry of education to wake to its responsibility in delivery good education to the people. It is to look at public policy in relation to educational policy and educational development. It is also to see to the implications of educational policies and to recommend approaches that will help for educational development.
DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
This research is limited to Lagos State with reference to Babatunde Raji Fashola’s administration between 2007-2011. The delimitation of the study was five educational districts in the state including all educational stakeholders. The districts are:
- Agboju
- Oshodi
- Yaba
- Agege
- Maryland
DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
For better understanding and effectiveness of this research work, it is needful that some grammatical terms used in the study be laconically explicated:
- Public: This in this context is connected with the government and the services it provides.(Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary new 8th Edition Page 1184)
- Policy: This is a plan of action agreed or chosen by a government (Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary new 8th edition 1131)
- Education: This is seen as the underlining factor of the social life that helps people create meaning out of the environment as well as being able to influence environment to their own benefit (Nigerian Education; Past, Present and Future edited by Lawal B (Ph.D)
Development: A process of social, economic and political change that is channeled towards the attainment of transformation (Academic’s Dictionary of Political Science by A.K . Chaturvedi Page 84).
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