EFFECT OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) ON THE PERFORMANCE OF GOVERNMENT STUDENT IN WAEC/NECO EXAMINATION (A CASE STUDY OF OSYGLAD COMPREHENSIVE COLLEGE)
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was based on the effect of information and communication technology (ICT ) on the performance of government student in WAEC/NECO examination in Lagos state. A secondary school was chosen. As a representative sample of the schools in Lagos state .questions were used for data collection. The effect of ICT on government student was discussed a conclusion was arrived at. The researchers findings has significantly show that ICT has its positive and negative effect on students performance in the relationship between teaching staff ,the direction and parent and teacher association, which is the best way to determine the achievement or short comings of educational goals in academic performance.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGES
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgment iv
Abstract v
Table of contents vi
CHAPTER ONE
- Background to the Study 1
- Statement of the Problem 7
- Purpose of the Study 10
- Research Hypothesis 10
- Research Questions 11
- Significant of the Study 12
- Scope of the Study 13
- Limitation of the Study 13
- Definition of Terms 13
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
- Introduction 16
2.1 Concept of Information 17
- Concept of Communication 19
- Concept of Technology 23
- Appraisal of the Literature Review 35
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.0 Introduction 36
3.1 Research Design 36
3.2 Population of the Study 37
3.3 Sample and Sampling Technique 37
3.4 Research Instrument 38
3.5 Validity of the Instrument 38
3.6 Reliability of the Instrument 39
3.7 Administration of Instrument 40
3.8 Method of Data Analysis 41
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4.0 Introduction 42
4.1 Hypothesis One 44
4.2 Hypothesis Two 44
4.3 Hypothesis 3(three) 45
4.4 Hypothesis Four 47
CHAPTER FIVE
DISCUSSION AND RESULT OF CONCLUSION
AND RECOMMENDATION
5.0 Introduction 49
5.1 Discussion of Results 49
- Conclusion 55
- Recommendation 55
References 58
Appendix 60
CHAPTER ONE
- BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is often used as an extended synonym for Information Technology (IT) but is a more specific term that stresses the role of unified communication and the integration of telecommunication which enables users to access store and transmit information.
Information and communication technology refers to the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in the field of socio – economic development, international development and human rights. The theory behind this is that more and better information and communication furthers the development of a society.
Aside the reliance on technology ICT also requires an understanding of community development, poverty, agriculture, health care and basic education. According to Richard Heeks. The term ICT contains a divisible disciplinary discussion. According to him the I, is linked with “information and library sciences” the C is associated with “communication studies” the I is associated with information system. It is aimed at bringing the digital divide and aid economic development by fostering equitable access to modern communication and technologies. It is a powerful tool for economic and social development.
ICT (Information and Communication Technology) is most outstanding break through in educational technology, since the invention of the blackboard. Since the introduction of ICT we have seen many recent developments both in mobile computing in all its forms and the increasing developments in open source software ICT is the key to how to use it and how it can pervade all aspects of teaching learning and administration.
The definition of ICT therefore became: The use of information in order to meet human need or purpose including reference to the use of contemporary devices such as the internet.
History of ICT
Here are the histories of ICT in a nutshell between 1969 to 2009.
In 1969 Arpanet was the first real network to run on packet switching technology and also in the same year came the inception of unix
In 1971 Arpanet network was established, also
In 1971 email was first developed by Ray Tomlinson
In 1972 France begins its own Arpanet like project called CYCLADES
In 1973 Arpanet made its first trans Atlantic connection
In 1975 the first modern email program was developed by John Vittal
In 1979 the PC modern was developed by Dennis Hayes
In 1978 the first bulletin board system was developed in Chicago also in the same year spam was born
In 1979 Mud – The earliest form of multiplayer games was developed, also in the same year the internet based discussion system – USENET was developed.
In 1980 ENQURE software was launched in 1982 the first emoticon was developed by Scott Fahlman
In 1984 Domain Name system (DNS) was created in 1987 the internet grows, there were nearly 30,000 hosts on the internet.
In 1988 Internal relay Chat (IRC) was first deployed, Paving way for real time chat and instant messaging programs we use today.
In 1989 AOL is launched and also there was a proposal for the World Wide Web.
In 1990 the first commercial dial up ISP was brought about.
In 1991 first web page was created and MP3 becomes standard.
In 1993 came Mosaic – the first graphical web browser for general public.
In 1995 internet was commercialized and also Geocities, valican and Java script goes online.
In 1996 HoTMail the first webmail service was launched.
Google went live in 1998 revolutionizing the way in which people find information online in 2001 wikipedia was launched for collective web content.
In 2003 Myspace becomes the most popular social network.
In 2004 YouTube was launched for hosting and sharing online video to the Masses.
In 2006 Twitter gets twittering
In 2009 I CANN Policy changes.
History of Osyglad Comprehensive College
Osyglad comprehensive college was established in the year 2003 and since then the school has been a citadel of academic excellence. Osyglad comprehensive college is located at km 37 along Badagry Express Way Ilogbo Eremi since its establishment the school have been well know all around Badagry local government for the successful grade of students attending the college. The school is well known for producing students graduating with flying colours yearly since the year it was established. Also in government subject it has reflected in the compilation of the school result, that since 2006 student of government subject have been successful in the WAEC each year, and even the one of last year was not an exception.
The school environment is well structured and planned, it is as well, conducive enough for learning, also in the school, there are loving, caring and loyal administrative staffs and fine learning equipments. No doubt, this has been the reason why parents like to enroll their child in the school.
- STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Globalization and technological change are one of the main goals of ICT. One of its main sectors that should be changed and modified is education. ICTs greatly facilitate the acquisition and absorption of knowledge, offering developing countries unprecedented opportunities to enhance educational systems, improve policy formulation and execution, and widen the range of opportunities for business and poor. Education is seen as a vital input to addressing issues of poverty, gender equality and health in the MDGs (Millennium Development Goals). This has led to an expansion of demand for increased investment in education against Wide Spread of Scarcity of resources puts intolerable pressure on many countries educational system. Meeting this opposing demands through the traditional expansion of educational systems such as building of schools, hiring teachers and equipping schools with adequate educational resources will be impossible in a conventional system of education.
Some other problems of the use of ICTs are that:
- Every minute a person spends learning how to use computers is a minute that they are not devoted to learning the content of their field
- There is tremendous amount of bad information available on the internet, posed as good information. It takes a relatively matured person to be able to tell the difference
- The seductive nature of ICT easily leads to its misuse
- Teachers who have competence in the use of ICT do not integrate them in their teaching
- Insufficient peripherals, not enough copies of software, insufficient teacher time, not enough supervision staff and lack of technical assistance
- Reliance of spell check and grammar features of word processing leading to lower literacy skills
- Copying and pasting quantities of information rather than learning to take notes correctly and reference work leading to an ease of plagiarism
- Over use of clip art and image rather than having an opportunity to learn creative and drawing skills
- Not learning mental arithmetic skills and relying on electronic methods including calculator
- Working as an individual and not learning team work skills
ICTs are of great importance when being used in the right order. ICTs are also alternative solutions for providing accesses and equity and for collaborative practices to optimize cost and efficiency in the use of resources.
It is against this backdrop that this study intends to find out the effect of ICT on Government students at this National Exam WAEC
- PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of carrying out research on this topic is:
- To raise the imperative to set educational priorities for the use of ICT in schools
- To examine the effects of ICT on students performance in Government as a subject in WAEC
- To enrich learning environment
- To transform learning in and beyond the classroom
- To generate a greater understanding of the role or effect of ICT on students performance in WAEC in a Lagos state secondary school
- RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
Based on the research questions, the following hypothesis are hereby put forward
HO1: There is no significant effect of information and communication technology (ICT) on Government Students performance in Osyglad Comprehensive College.
HO2: There is no significant effect of ICT on the administration of teaching and non-teaching personnel in Osyglad Comprehensive College.
HO3: There is no significant effect of ICT on the administration of student in Osygald Comprehensive College
HO4: There is no significant effect of ICT on the administration of school plant in Osyglad Comprehensive college.
- RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The following research questions are put forward as a guide to this study
- Of what importance will effect of ICT be on general performance of students offering government in Osygald comprehensive college Lagos State?
- How effective is ICT on students performance in government subject in WAEC?
- Is there any relationship between ICT and students performance in government subject WAEC?
- In what way have the use of ICT influence the performance of students secondary schools?
- SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY
This research work will be beneficial to the principal, the director and the entire teaching staffs saddled with the responsibility of teaching and enlightening the students on ICT at secondary school level. The study will highlight the roles of the school heads, the teaching staffs and the parent Teachers’ Association and the community at large. It will also point out the effect of ICT on secondary schools in Lagos State Educational District. The effect of ICT on student in secondary schools will be the focus of the study.
- SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This study shall be carried out in Osygald Comprehensive College in Badagry Local Government Area. The staffs of the school, the director and the parent Teachers’ Association shall also be involved. The areas that would be examined are the effect of the use of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) in school Administration
- LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The study will be limited in scope to just one secondary school within Badagry Local Government, which is osyglad comprehensive college. Due to inadequate forms, transportation problem and lack of personal to carry out the research work.
- DEFINITION OF TERMS
Information
Information is knowledge derived from study, experience or instruction. In other words, it is the attribute inherent in and communicated by one of the two or more alternative sequence
Communication
Communication is the activity of conveying information through the exchange of thoughts, messages, or information as by speech, visuals, signals, writing or behaviour
Communication requires a sender, a message and a recipient
Technology
Technology is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes. It can also be said to mean the purposeful application of information in the design, production and utilization of human activities
Performance
Performance is the accomplishment of a given task measured against a preset known standard of accuracy, completeness cost and speed. It is the fulfillment of an obligation in a manner that releases the performer from all liabilities under the contract.
Government
Government is one of the subject being offered by students in senior secondary classes. It is a subject that involves the study of the agency or apparatus through which a governing individual or body functions and exercises authority.
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