STUDENT’S ROLES IN PROMOTING ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN COMPUTER SCIENCE IN A DEVELOPING ECONOMY
ABSTRACT
This project investigates the student’s Role in Promoting Entrepreneurship in computer science in a developing economy. The objectives of the study were to appraise if educational styles arouse the interest of students in the industries of their discipline; to explore the effectiveness of entrepreneurial development strategy in education in universities that implement it; to see if the current university educational system stimulates entrepreneurial creativity in its students The methodology adopted was a mixed analysis of quantitative and parameters based on the survey design which relied on primary and secondary sources of gathering data, through the use of questionnaires. Three hundred (300) questionnaires were administered, and one hundred (100) were returned. The study adopted quota and simple random sampling technique. The data was analyzed and presented using tables and percentages. The result indicates that entrepreneurial development strategies. Is effective and being implemented truly in tertiary institution and doing these it reduces unemployment rate in Nigeria as a whole. Recommendations were however made in the last chapter that universities should be mandated by policy to pattern their entrepreneurship development and entrepreneurial education after the model that works out creativity in the students and not just theoretical practices of entrepreneurial development.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv-v
Abstract vi
Table of content vii-xi
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background to the study 1-3
Statement of the problem 3-4
Purpose of the study 4
Research questions 4
Research hypothesis 5
Significance of the study 5-6
Scope and Delimitation of the study 6
Limitation of the study 6-7
Definition of terms 7-8
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Literature Review 9-19
2.1 Understanding Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth 19-20
2.2 Extended Definition of Entrepreneurship in Relation to Economic Growth 20-21
2.3 Forms of Entrepreneurship 21-22
2.4 Entrepreneurial Effects in the Growth of Economy 22-25
2.5 Entrepreneurial Education and its Consequence in Nigerian Economy 25-26
2.6 Who is an Entrepreneur? 26-27
2.7 Objectives of Entrepreneurial Education 27-28
2.8 Entrepreneurship in Higher Education is Critical to Development 28-32
2.9 Worldview on the Issue of Entrepreneurship and Higher Education 32-36
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHOD
3.0Research Method 37
3.1 Research design 37
3.2 Population of study 37
3.3 Sample and sampling technique 37-38
3.4Research Instruments 38
3.5Validity of Instruments 38
3.6 Reliability of Instruments 39
3.7Method of Data Administration 39
3.8 Method of Data Analysis 39-40
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION OF RESULT
4.0Presentation of Result and Data Analysis 41
4.1Analysis of Respondent Bio-Data 41
4.2Testing of the Hypothesis 42-43
4.3Hypothesis Two 44-45
4.4Hypothesis There 45-46
CHAPTER FIVE
SAMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.0 Introduction 47
5.1Summary 47-48
5.2Conclusion 48-49
5.3Recommendation 49-50
Reference
Questionnaire
Appendix II
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
There has been a wealth of knowledge on the determinants of entrepreneurship over the last few decades. Although studies bringing forth this knowledge have rather been based on theoretical grounds, others have been drawn from drawn from empirical evidence. Scholars have also been keen in investigating the student’s role in promoting entrepreneurship in computer science developing economy growth which has further led to the explosion of extensive literature in this field (Van-Stel, Carree & Thurik, 2005). It important to note that a significant amount of existing literature has been based on the observation of firms, establishments and regions in terms of their economic performance, growth and survival. The facts that can be derived from these studies link economic growth with the size and age of the firm or an establishment. According to Van-Stel, Carree and Thurik (2005), newly established firms and very small firms experience systematically faster growth compared to the already established larger firms. These findings have been found to hold in the modern industrialized economies as well as across time periods (Karlsson, Friis & Paulsson, 2004). The connection between entrepreneurship and economic growth measured in terms of performance of the firm has been extended even beyond observing the establishment to accommodate geographic regions. This project discourses how entrepreneurship can be related directly economic growth and how entrepreneurship is at the heart of economic growth of any nation.
Entrepreneurship has emerged as an important element in the organization of economies, and has long been considered a crucial mechanism of economic development (Schumpeter 1934, Landes 1998). The consequences of entrepreneurship, in terms of economic performance, have generated an extensive literature. Theoretically, an entrepreneur is an elusive character in economic theory due to the difficulty of providing an accurate description. Hence, not all economists grant entrepreneurs a central role to explain economic growth. While entrepreneurship does not have an explicit role in economic growth theory; there are many empirical studies that find a positive relationship between entrepreneurial activity and economic performance. However, the empirical analyses suggest that entrepreneurship does not have an effect on economic growth in low income countries, in contrast to transition and high income countries where especially growth-oriented entrepreneurship seems to contribute strongly to macroeconomic growth. The different types of entrepreneurs in developed and developing countries are expected to be responsible for such results.
The objective of this article is to provide a critical overview of theoretical and empirical analyses on the relationship of entrepreneurship and economic growth as well as policy implication.
According to Wennekers and Thurik (1999), entrepreneurship is the manifest ability and willingness of individuals, on their own, in teams, within or outside existing organizations to perceive and create new economic opportunities (new products, new production methods, new organizational schemes and new product-market combinations), and to introduce their ideas in the market, in the face of uncertainty and other obstacles, by making decisions on location, form and the use of resources and institutions.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Education in Nigeria is devoid of the element crucial to averting the surging rate of unemployment in the country, therefore the breeding of psychological dependence on direct access to money. Entrepreneurial development through education will advance the economy of the nation; much credence should be given to it and ingrained with focus on profitable personal development. Unemployment prevails in the country, hence, the growth of violence, poverty and segregation amongst citizens, because the educational system itself fails to empower the ones passing it, therefore not catering to the economy its results should enhance by default.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this study is to:
- to determine the various enterprise and their activities in the area of study.
- to determine student role in using computer to promote entrepreneur.
- to determine impact of using computer to promote entrepreneur.
- to determine problems student are facing in entrepreneurs.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Do the educational strategies arouse mature curiosity in the students in the industries of their discipline?
- Are the entrepreneurial development strategies being implemented truly effective?
- Does the university classroom stimulate creativity necessary for entrepreneurship in the students?
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
This is applicable where hypothesis will be formulated from the research problem with the hope of testing and the validity of the hypothesized statement by subjecting them to scientific tests.
- Ho: The concept of using computer to promote entrepreneur is not a tool to improve economy.
- Ho: There is no impact of using computer to promote entrepreneur.
- Ho: There is no significant difference among students who practice entrepreneurship skill through computer. and those that are not using it.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The finds from the study will go a long way to emphasis the need of student role in promoting entrepreneurship in computer science in a developing economy.
Secondly, the study will be of great importance in developing entrepreneur and approaches by which students can generate useful knowledge and develop understand that will serve them well.
Thirdly, the study will share more light on the need for government and other stakeholders in education about promoting entrepreneur in the university.
Lastly, this study will be of great important to student to improve their entrepreneur skills and their learning standard.
1.7 SCOPE/DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The study involves students and graduates of Covenant University, Ota and The Bell University, Ota as case studies.
1.8 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
This research on the Student’s role in promoting entrepreneurship in computer science in a developing economy is not an exception to the usual constraints associated with research work. The constraints are:
- Time: Time has been a major constraint that has militated against the realization of the objectives of the research; especially as the researcher had to carry it out in the midst of academic pressure.
- Finance: Finance being the life wire of any business and any research work, has posed a major barrier that has immensely militated against the realization of researchers objectives. The researcher faced inadequate finance for the acquisition of the necessary stationeries for the work.
- Negative attitude of some people interviewed some of the people interviewed were not ready to give out the required information’s needed due to the fact that, they think, the researcher wants to know about their privacy, this issue militated against the realization of researchers objectives.
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS
For easy and concise understanding of this work, it is necessary that vital terms be defined.
Entrepreneur: An entrepreneur means a person who starts, organize a commercial enterprise especially one having financial risk.
Meredith et al [1991] looks at an entrepreneur as an individual who has the ability to see and evaluate business opportunities gather the necessary resources to take advantage of them and initiate appropriate action to ensure success and he is a risk taker.
Entrepreneurship Development: this is the coming into existence in society of the class of individuals, who are not limited to pace odds.
Small Scale Business: Ejiofor [1989.71] defined small scale business as those enterprises that have relatively little capital investment, that produce in small quantities and as a result control a small share of market that employ not more than fifty workers [50] and in which management marketing and entrepreneurship functions are used in the proprietor.
Management; According to Akapla [1990.3], management is defined as process of combining and utilizing of an organization inputs [men, materials and money] by proper planning organizing, directing and controlling for the purpose of producing outputs [good & services] desired by customers to that the organizational goals or objective are accomplished.
Akunle [1978] stated “ no productive activity can take place without co-operation of all the three factors production” [land, Labour, capital] he is well pointed out that these factors cannot do anything on their own without someone to organize them and that the person who does this is known as entrepreneur.
Planning: planning can be defined as a process which managers visualize and determine in advance, the objectives of an enterprise or organization and select future cause of action for their accomplishment.
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