THE IMPACT OF VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION TRAINING IN ENHANCING OPPORTUNITIES FOR EMPLOYMENT IN LAGOS STATE (A CASE STUDY OF AGEGE LOCAL GOVERNMENT)
ABSTRACT
This study examined the impact of vocational and technical education training in enhancing opportunities for employment in Lagos state. A total of fifty (50) students people in vocational inclined job were used for the study. The research and questionnaire data were collected form library and questionnaire the result of questionnaire revealed that vocational and technical education training has a great role to play in the provision of employment opportunities. Based on the conclusion, the bedrock of technological take off in the state lies in playing adequate, attention to vocational ant technical education training is realistic answer to the unemployment problem in Lagos state, as a tool for economic and technological growth ad advancement which automatically leads to self reliance and sufficiency through the creation of jobs. Above all concluded that the success of vocational and technical education training depends largely on the attention given to it through finance, provision of adequate equipment and facilitates, tools and trained teachers in term or proper planning, execution and evaluation so that its purpose could be achieved, as the roles, its play in the nation’s growth cannot be over emphasized.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Abstract vi
Table of contents vii
Chapter One
1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Background of the study. 1
Statement of the problem. 4
Purpose of the study. 4
Research questions 4
Research hypothesis 5
Significance of the study. 5
Scope/delimitation of the study. 6
Definition of terms 6
Chapter Two
- Literature review 7
2.1 Dimension of unemployment 7
2.2 Job opportunities in Nigeria. 8
2.3 Meaning of vocational and technical education 9
2.4. Historical background of the study and technical education 10
Branches of vocational and technical education 15
2.6. Aims and objectives of vocational and technical education 18
2.7. Categories of existing manpower in vocational and technical education 20
2.8. Characteristics of vocational and technical education 22
2.9. Various roles of vocational and technical education 23
2.10. Ways of improving vocational and technical education 25
2.11. Problems of vocational and technical education 27
Chapter Three
3.0 Research methodology. 30
3.1 Research design. 30
3.2 Population of the study. 30
3.3 Sample and sampling techniques 30
3.4 Instrument for data collection. 31
3.5 Validity of the instrument. 31
3.6 Reliability of the instrument 31
3.7 Method of data analysis 31
3.8 Administration of the instrument. 32
Chapter Four
4.0 Data analysis and result of findings 33
4.2 Testing of hypothesis 36
Chapter Five
5.0 Summary, conclusion and recommendation 41
5.1 Summary 41
Conclusion 42
Recommendation 43
Appendix 45
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY.
As economic social and technological change gathers pace people everywhere need to develop their knowledge and skills on continuous basis, so that they can live and work meaningfully in the society. Technical vocational education training contributes to and individuals’ personal development, increases his/her productivity and incomes at work, and facilitates everybody’s participation in economic and social life. It follows that technical education and vocational education can also help individuals to escape poverty by providing them with the skills and knowledge to raise their output and generate income. Investing in Technical Vocational Education training is therefore an investment in the future, knowledge and skills are the engine of economic growth and social development is very valuable to any organization, production of goods and service id done by individuals or group will need skills to perform competently, through skill the individual can be employable, the individual can determine their own destiny.
Generally skills are quite important to society in general because of the importance of skills to the individual, it is important that every individual access training so that he or she is able to determine his destiny. UNESCO and the international community have set the ambitious goal “to ensure that the learning needs of all young people and adults are through equitable access to appropriate learning and life skills programmes”.
(Dakar, 2000). The effort to provide basic education and literacy for all children and adults will under pin the economic and social development of countries by ensuring the capacity of people to learn and provide the foundation for their employ ability and access to decent work. This is also one of the key policy challenges in the ILO’s Global Employment Agenda. Education for all and work for all are two side of t eh same coin.
Quality Vocational and Technical Education help develop the individual’s knowledge of science and technology in a broad occupational area requiring technical and professional competencies and specific occupational skills.
National Vocational and Technical Education system therefore need to develop the knowledge and skills that will help the workforce become more flexible and responsive to t he needs of local labour markets, while competing in the global vocational and Technical Education reforms that endeavor to integrate work place based learning and training into the vocational education curriculum. Vocational and Technical Education system must also be open and all inclusive to give even the most under privileged access to learning and training. The opportunity for people in urban and rural communities to equip themselves to lead productive and satisfying lives will undoubtedly be critical to the prosperity and well-being of the community.
The levels of poverty in the region have also put pressure on these governments to find solution to the problem. However one apparent solution is the provision of skill to allow people participate in the production of goods and service and individual’s or as members of grouped. Acquisition of skills enhances and individual’s performance. Skills results in increased productivity and competitiveness. According to UNESCO and ILO (2003) in a time of continuous economic, social and technological change, skills and knowledge become quickly out-of-date. People who have not been able to benefit from formal education and training must be given opportunities to acquire new skills and knowledge that will give them a second chance in life and at work.
Providing all individuals with learning opportunities throughout their lives in and ambitious but necessary undertaking. And all inclusive life long learning system call for the mobilization of increased public and private resources for education and training and for providing individuals and enterprises with the incentives to invest in meeting their learning and skills development needs.
It therefore suffices that for the burden of unemployment or job opportunities, the mentality of people towards vocational and Technical education must be corrected and the world of vocational and technical education must be strengthened and well equipped so as to ensure its continuous survival and significances.
- STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM.
Among the problem facing Nigeria as a nation today, unemployment is the major pointer affecting the young and old, especially school leavers. The question is how could this problem of unemployment to solved using vocational and Technical education? This brings the main heart of the project.
- PURPOSE OF THE STUDY.
The purpose of this study is to ascertain the impact of vocational and technical for employment in Lagos state. Specifically, the study seeks to:
- To examine whether vocational and technical education training could lead to creation of job opportunities.
- Investigate how vocational and technical education will solve unemployment So also to look into vocational and technical education as a tool for economic development and
- Finally to identify whether, vocational and technical education can make people to acquire skills for technological advancement.
- RESEARCH QUESTIONS
- To what extent will vocational and technical education solve the problem of unemployment in Nigeria?
- How will vocational and technical education lead to job creation?
- Does vocational and technical education serve as a tool for economic development?
- To what extent will vocational and technical education make people acquire skills for technical growth advancement?
- RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
- Vocational and technical education solves the problem of unemployment in Nigeria?
- Vocational and technical education leads to job creation.
- Vocational and technical education serves as a tool for economic development.
- Vocational and technical education makes people acquire skills for technical growth advancement.
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY.
The result of this study will help to find solution to unemployment or it will reduce the act of unemployment. It is the belief of the researcher that the research study will be of immense benefit to it’s readers as it will also enable reader to be acquainted with the content of the research work as to knowing the benefits of vocational and technical educational in creating job opportunities.
It will also be useful for further researcher by providing a guide or frontier of knowledge while it will also allow government hold vocational and technical education in high esteem known its benefits.
- SCOPE/DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY.
This study will only be limited to Agege local government area, Lagos state.
My great constraints are time and financial factors which would prevent me from carrying out the research on large scale.
- DEFINITION OF TERMS
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION: It is the intellectual and moral training in relation to what one does for a living or one’s profession.
TECHNICAL EDUCATION: This is the acquisition of practical and applied skills as well as basic or scientific knowledge.
EMPLOYMENT: This is a state of keeping oneself busy, doing something to earn a living.
NATINOAL DIRECTORATE OF EMPLOYMENT (NOE): This is the federal government agency which has been given the responsibilities of training unemployed Nigerians in that they can employ themselves.
UNEMPLOYMENT: This is a situation where able bodied men and women who are willing, eligible and capable of work could not get job.
SELF RELIANCE: This is the job that require formal and long-term education to earn a better living.
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