THE EFFECT OF COMMUNICATION BREAKDOWN IN CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT AND LEARNING OUTCOME OF STUDENTS (A CASE STUDY OF SELECTED SCHOOLS IN ALIMOSHO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF LAGOS STATE)
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Communication is the process of passing information from one person to another [Johann Wolfgany]. In an organization or institution communication facilities the flow of information and understanding between different people and department while in the classroom, it facilitates the flow of teaching and learning between the teacher and the learners through different media using all the channels and network. The flow of information is vital in the classroom for effectiveness and decision making in general.
To achieve the aims and objective in the classroom there must be effective communication i.e. there must be an effective communication between the teacher and their learners to work effectively and able to achieve the aims of the teacher who is the sender of the effective communication and the objectives of the learners who are the receiver of the message from teachers [sender] or effective learning and achievement of the aims of the classroom learning.
It is a consensus among experts that management is concerned with the jobs and how well, it is done. Almost everybody interacting one way or the other in everyday life need communication because we spend nearly seventy percent of our working hours communicating in the form of writing, reading, speaking, listening. It seems logical to conclude that efficient communication enhances organizational goals and performance. Communication is the key which two or more persons use to interact with one another, and the channels are the actual means by which message is transmitted to the receiver, and this made for its important either in physical real world or in an educational sector.
Broadly speaking, the word communication comes latin word “communicare” meaning to make common, to share, to imports, transmit, pass on or to exchange.
According to Peter Little communication is view as a process by which information is passed between individuals and/or organization by means of preciously agreed symbols.
According to Mefarlane Pato [1992] “Communication is a process of meaningful interaction among human being. More specifically, it is the process by which meanings are perceived and understandings reached among human beings”.
Newman and Summer [2001] defined communication as exchange of facts, ideas, opinions or emotion by two or more person. Also communication is the exchange of information or passing of information ideas or thought from one person to another or from one end to the other.
Communication is the process of passing information from one person to another. In an institution, communication facilities the flow of information and understanding between different people and department while in the classroom it’s facilities the flow of information and understanding i.e. the flow of teaching and learning between the teacher and the learners through different media using all the channels and networks.
The flow of information is vital in the classroom effectiveness and decision making in general because it influence learning outcome of the students and it also educate people.
The communication may be written or oral, formal, informal and upward, downward, horizontal, diagonal, interpersonal, intrapersonal, interdepartmental the communication brings teacher and students or pupil together, close to each other.
Good communication helps an institutions perform their activities efficiently and such activities performed in any institution include planning, coordinating, motivating, directing and organizing, controlling and the feedbacks all these functions well perform will help the achievement of desired successful result or goal
The purpose of this study is to research on the effect of communication breakdown in class management and learning outcome of students.
Researchers such as [Johann Wolfgang and Melfarlane Pato] have confirmed that effective classroom managers begin the year by setting expectation. Class managers and better managers also consistently analyze classroom task, teach going to school skills, sees the classrooms through students eyes and monitor student behaviour from the beginning of the year. Better managers also explain rules and procedures, monitor students behaviour, develop students accountability for work, communicate information and organize instruction from the first day of school that can bring about learning outcome of students.
A teacher classroom management system communicates information about the teacher’s belief on content and the learning process. It also give instruction that will take place in a particular classroom. A classroom whereby the teacher takes complete responsibility for guiding the students or pupils actions constitutes a different learning environment than one in which learners are engaged and taught to assume responsibility for their own behaviors [Barrish Saunders]. Furthermore, more intellectually demanding academic work and activities in which students create products or encounter novel problems require complex management decisions.
To hinder the breakdown of communication in class management and learning outcome of students, all said above must be adequately applied by the class teacher for effective communication to take place and eradicate poor communication and improve on the classroom management.
Also the interwoven nature of classroom management and classroom instruction is especially easy to see from a student perspective. Student have at least to cognitive demands on them at all times: academic task demands [understanding and working with content] and social task demand [interacting with others concerning that content.
This means that pupils must simultaneously work at understanding the content and finding appropriate and effective ways to participate in order to demonstrate that understanding. The teacher must facilitate the learning of these academic and social tasks. Thus from the perspective of what students need to know in order to be successful management and instruction cannot be separated.
Classroom management has revealed that a classroom teacher must poses some act or activities to hinder communication breakdown in the classroom and learning outcome of students. And those activities also include creating the setting, decorating the room, arranging the chairs, speaking to children and handling the responses, putting routine in place [and then executing, modifying and reinstituting them] developing rules and communicating those rules to the students.
1.2. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
This study attempt to find out the effect of communication breakdown in the class management and learning outcome of student
1.3. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this study therefore is summarized as follows:
[i] To identify different types of communication that can enhance effective communication within the classroom that can result to good learning outcome of students.
[ii] Identify the effect of communication breakdown in classroom management and learning outcome of student.
[iii] Prefer solution to problems caused by communication breakdown in the teaching learning process.
[iv] Provide a base and foundation upon which further research can be done on same and other related topic.
1.4. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Communication is a general concept influencing every individual in the community and devising a proper channels is important. This is why it is of interest for the researcher to choose this research topic and study its effect when it’s breakdown in the classroom management and learning outcome. The researcher’s interest on the topic is also to broaden his practical knowledge of how people [the management and teachers] interact within the school system and how the interaction influence brings good conduct and affect the communication skills with a teacher and the learners in the classroom which can be maintain to bring positive goals and achievement in the classroom management and learning outcome.
1.5. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Answer are sought to the following questions
[i] Is there any relationship between effective communication and the learning outcome of students?
[ii] Is there any relationship between effective communication and classroom management in a teaching learning process.
[iii] Can the administrator of a school or institution follow a systematic procedure in transmitting messages to different categories of teachers, especially?
1.6. RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
[i] There is no significant relationship between effective communication and learning outcome of students.
[ii] There is no significant relationship between effective communication classroom management in a teaching learning process.
[iii] The administrator of an institution cannot follow a systematic or due process of transmitting messages to different categories of teacher.
1.7. SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This project covers the various communication channel used in bringing out effective and efficient teaching and learning process in he classroom within Alimosho Senior Secondary Schools.
The schools include Alimosho Senior Grammar School [Alimosho], State senior high school [Alimosho], Abesan senior grammar school [Ipaja], Anglican Comprehensive high school [Ipaja], Community Senior High School [Ipaja, Awori Junction].
1.8. DEFINITION OF TERMS
The following terms used in the research are defined as the following.
[i] COMMUNICATION: It is the process by which we share knowledge or reveal knowledge, ideals, views or feelings from one individual to another so that they can both understand each other.
[ii] COMMUNICATION BREAKDOWN: It can be said as the act by which knowledge, ideas, feelings, emotion exchanges coded and decoded etc are not negotiable or understand by two or more parties.
[iii] ADMINISTRATION: It is refers to highest level of management [top management] and view as the lack of developing and maintaining procedures in an organization or co-ordination of the human materials resources of any organization [Olagboye 2004].
[iv] MANAGEMENT: This is the act of skill of directing and organizing the work of a company or organization.
[v] CLASSROOM: A classroom is a room in which teaching or learning activities can take place.
[vi] LEARNING: Learning involves changes in the processing perceiving of information.
[vii] Learning Outcome: Learning outcomes are statements that specify what learners will know or be able to do as a result of learning activities.
[viii] OBJECTIVES: According to Oxford Advanced Dictionary says, it is act of trying to achieve a aims at the end of a set goals.
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