students enrolment and budgetary allocation to secondary schools

A STUDY OF STUDENTS ENROLMENT AND BUDGETARY ALLOCATION TO SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN LAGOS STATE BETWEEN (1990-1997)

ABSTRACT

This study examined the relationship between students enrolment and budgetary allocation to Secondary Education in Lagos State between 1990-1997.

Two inventory formats were designed to facilitate data collection on the number of secondary schools, students enrolment, and annual budgetary allocations to secondary EducationEducation from the state ministries of EducationEducation and finances Economic planning.

The Chi-square formula was used. Thus;

X2 = S(O-E)2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page i

Certification ii

Dedication iii

Acknowledgement iv

Abstract v

Table of contents vi

CHAPTER ONE:

1.0 Introduction 1

1.1 Background to the Study 1

1.2 Purpose of study 3

1.3 Statement of the problem 4

1.4 Research Question 4

1.5 Research Hypotheses 5

1.6 Scope / Delimitation of study 5

1.7 Limitation of study 6

1.8 Significance of study 6

1.9 Definitions of terms 7

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0 Review of related literature 9

2.1 Student Enrolment 9

2.2 Education financing in Nigeria 13

2.3 Historical Development of financing Secondary 18

2.4 Attempts to locate other sources of Revenue for Secondary Schools in Nigeria 24

2.5 Appraisal of Literature Reviewed 27

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 Research Methodology 29

3.1 Research Design 29

3.2 Population of study 29

3.3 Sample and Sampling Technique 29

3.4 Research Instrument 30

3.5 Source of data 30

3.6 Administration of Instrument 31

3.7 Data Analysis 31

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 Analysis of data and Interpretation of Result 32

4.1 Result of Findings 39

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION

5.1 Summary 41

5.2 Recommendation 42

5.3 Conclusion 43

References 45

Appendix I: Questionnaire 47

Appendix II Inventory Format A & B 49

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

The fundamental objective of a nation is the attainment of social, political and economic development through the effective and efficient utilization of its human and material resources. In order to attain this laudable objective, EducationEducation has a great role to play. To this end, the government devoted a large substantial part of their resources to EducationEducation. However, there are two main reasons for the government’s opening on Education; Longe (1987) stress that as a result of the consumption view of EducationEducation, the government spends its money to educate the citizens to enhance literacy and generally improve their standard of living. Secondly, based on the investment view of EducationEducation, the government provides education and skills to improve the future productive capacity of the individuals or society.

As a result of the crucial role of EducationEducation as an instrument of excellence for effecting national development, Nigerian governments accord it a priority in their budgetary allocation.

Government budgetary allocation is shared EducationEducation among the various levels of EducationEducation. Elementary and Secondary Education was recognized from the very beginning of times as a valid requirement for a job and a way to get an education that is sound, both academic and academic, and has led the government to push for increasing secondary EducationEducation in Nigeria. Schools for secondary students in Nigeria belong to their respective classifications. Those controlled directly by the Federal Ministry of Education, called Federal Government College, here the physical facilities are adequate with modern buildings that could be compared with average secondary schools in developed countries. The second is owned and financed by the state government, while the third category is those owned and financed by private agencies.

Lagos State has a long history of heavy investment in EducationEducation. According to Lawal (1990), in Lagos State, a substantial percentage of the state government recurrent expenditure allocated to EducationEducation between 1990-1997 varied (one million, seven hundred and thirty-five thousand seven hundred and eighty nairas). He went further to point out that a substantial percentage of Lagos State government recurrent expenditure on EducationEducation had been expended on education hand been expended on secondary schools.

1.2 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

This study is aimed at the relationship between student enrolment and budgetary allocations to secondary schools in Lagos State between 1990 to 1997. To determine whether the two variables are related, efforts will be made to compare the student enrolment with budgetary allocations for secondary EducationEducation. The two variables are very important in educational planning and policy formulation for the future advancement of the educational system. The study will focus on the following areas.

Student enrolment in secondary schools in Lagos state between 1990 and 1997.
The budgetary allocations to secondary Education in Lagos between 1990 to 1997.
The correlation between enrolment in secondary schools and budgetary allocation to the sector between 1900 -1997.

1.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Student enrolment should be one of the major determinants of budgetary allocation to EducationEducation. A situation whereby student enrollment grows budgetary allocation regarding the available educational facilities is likely to impede educational development. The problem with this question is student enrolment and budgetary allocation to secondary in Lagos State between 1990-1997? This study will ascertain the relationship between the two variables.

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION

Is there any significant relationship between student enrollment and budgetary allocation to secondary schools between 1990 and 1997?
Has the budgetary allocation to secondary schools in Lagos State between 1990 and 1997 increased or decreased?
Has the trend of the state government’s fiscal effort towards secondary school education been rising or falling?
Is the enrolment trend increasing or decreasing during the period of review?

1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES

There is no significant relationship between the government effort and the increase or decrease in the trend of secondary schools.
There is no significant difference between the trend of student enrolment in secondary school and the review period.
There was no significant increment in the budgetary allocation to secondary schools in Lagos between 1990 and 1997.
There is a significant relationship between the student’s enrolment and budgetary allocation to secondary school.

1.6 SCOPE / DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This study is restricted to secondary schools owned and financed by Lagos State Government; This means that Federal Government Colleges and private secondary schools in the state are not included in the study. The state is not compartmentalized in analyzing student enrollment and budgetary allocations to secondary schools but treats it as an entity.

1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

This research work cannot be said to be completed without any problem. The research work has a time unit which does not permit a vigorous and comprehensive study. In the questionnaire administration, only secondary schools were owned and financed by Lagos State Government between 1990 and 1997, even if they were burdened when asked to supply information.

Moreso, the area of finance, is not left out; thus, inadequate finance will not allow for a wider questionnaire administration to a good number of respondents.

1.8 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The role of secondary education in the overall development of a nation or state is crucial; this makes it mandatory for governments, individuals, parents’ philanthropists and other voluntary agencies to contribute morally and financially towards its development. However, in Nigeria, like other developing nations, government finances are much higher than the private sector since the former are responsible for paying teaching and non-teaching staff salaries in most secondary schools, apart from other capital projects they finance.

As a result of the dominant role played by the government in financing secondary Education, the study of student enrolment and budgetary allocation to secondary Education in Lagos State between 1990 and 1997 will help the people in the state and other interested individuals, agencies or institutions to know how and how well the state has contributed to the development of secondary Education.

This study, through its recommendations, could also assist Lagos State Government on how to improve its financial commitment to secondary Education.

This study could help the Federal government school principals, parent-teacher associations and individuals to know how and where they can assist the development of secondary education in Lagos State. Prospective researchers in the related field of the study could also find this sty very useful in their research works.

1.9 DEFINITIONS OF TERMS

For clarity, some terms used in this study are defined as follows:

(a) STUDENT ENROLMENT: refers to the number of students in secondary school owned and financed by the Lagos State Government.

(b) BUDGETARY ALLOCATION: This refers to the amount of money voted by the Lagos State Government planned to be spent on a particular purpose.